Contact/s:
Małgorzata Razminas
m.razminas@w-modr.pl
Probiotechnology - Probiotics technology in agricultural production
Poland
Warm – Transition - Temperate Climate Zone
1. Eliminate the unpleasant smell of manure and slurry.
2. Improve the health and efficiency of farm animals.
3. Improve soil fertility by increasing organic carbon and humus content.
Thematic Areas
Production System/s
Summary for Practicioners on the Main Finding(s)/Innovative solution(s)
Probiotics have a very wide range of uses. In agriculture, they are allowed for use in both conventional and organic production. They are used in crops and animal production.
Effects of using probiotics in crop production:
1. Accelerate the decomposition of post-harvest residues, straw, catch crops, manure, which leads to the formation of soil humus.
2. A high level of soil humus means: more earthworms, which means natural fertilizer production and soil loosening
3. greater water storage capacity in the soil = plants cope better during drought periods
4. activate unavailable mineral components already present in the soil = more micro and macro elements without the use of fertilizers
break down toxins, such as residues from plant protection products or diseases, so that crop diseases are not transmitted between successive growing seasons
5. reduce the number of fertilizers used, thereby saving money and time
probiotics improve the composting process.
Effects of using compositions of beneficial microorganisms in animal production:
1. improve the digestion process
2. alleviate the course of food poisoning
3. reduce the incidence of diarrhea
4. accelerate the healing of abrasions and wounds
5. improve physical condition and physiological functions
6. eliminate odors from animal products, such as manure and slurry
7. reduce the population of insects, especially flies, midges and mosquitoes
8. when using preparations inside livestock buildings, such as on walls, floors, ceilings, litter, etc., the possibility of spreading pathogenic
9. pathogens is reduced
10. improve the quality and nutritional value of silage. The ensiling process is more efficient and effective. Silage is richer in easily digestible nutrients, so animals fed with such prepared feed have better production results
water revitalization.
Summary for Practicioners in Native Language
Probiotyki mają bardzo szeroki zakres użytkowania, w rolnictwie
są dozwolone do stosowania w produkcji konwencjonalnej,
jak i ekologicznej. Mają zastosowanie w produkcji roślinnej oraz zwierzęcej.
Efekty stosowania probiotyków w produkcji roślinnej:
przyspieszenie procesu rozkładu resztek pożniwnych, słomy, poplonów, obornika, czyli tworzenia się próchnicy glebowej,
wysoki poziom próchnicy glebowej to:
– więcej dżdżownic, czyli produkcja naturalnego nawozu oraz spulchnianie podłoża;
– większa możliwości magazynowania wody w glebie = roślina lepiej sobie radzi w okresach suszy.
uruchamiają niedostępne dla roślin składniki mineralne już zawarte;
w glebie = więcej mikro i makroelementów bez stosowania nawozów;
rozkładanie toksyn, np. pozostałości po środkach ochrony roślin
czy chorobach, dzięki czemu nie są przenoszone choroby roślin uprawnych pomiędzy kolejnymi sezonami wegetacyjnymi;
można ograniczyć ilość stosowanych nawozów, a tym samym zaoszczędzić pieniądze oraz czas;
probiotyki usprawniają proces kompostowania.
Efekty stosowania kompozycji pożytecznych mikroorganizmów w produkcji zwierzęcej:
poprawiają proces trawienia;
łagodzą przebieg zatruć pokarmowych;
zmniejszenie częstości występowania biegunek;
przyspieszają gojenie otarć i zranień;
poprawiają kondycję fizyczną i funkcje fizjologiczne;
likwidują odory produktów odzwierzęcych, np. obornik, gnojowica;
redukują populację insektów, szczególnie much, meszek i komarów;
w przypadku stosowania preparatów wewnątrz budynków inwentarskich, np. na ściany, podłogę, sufity, ściółkę itp., ogranicza się możliwość rozprzestrzeniania chorobotwórczych patogenów;
poprawa jakość i wartość odżywczej kiszonek. Proces kiszenia przebiega sprawniej i efektywniej. Kiszonki są bogatsze w łatwo przyswajalne składniki odżywcze, przez co zwierzęta karmione tak przygotowaną paszą mają lepsze wyniki produkcyjne;
rewitalizacja wody.
Additional Information
Farmer face numerous positive and negative effects on the climate and adaptiveness to climate change. Using two sorts of policy approaches— those of “carrots,” or “sticks”—broadly speaking, legislators and the private sector can inspire farmers to adopt measures regarding climate change effects mitigation (i.e., lower emissions or enhance carbon removals) and adaptability to climate change. “Sticks” comprise taxes, regulatory restrictions or prohibitions, quotas or quantitative limitations, and taxes—all of which penalise or make it unlawful to carry out negative activities, therefore changing behaviour. On the other hand, legislators or the private sector might pay farmers for doing good deeds, therefore encouraging positive change – “carrots”.
We focus on these so-called “carrots,” which we see as rewarding mechanisms, in this Practice Abstract. Rewards for agricultural activities that lower or avoid emissions, remove carbon from the atmosphere, adapt to climate change are defined as mechanisms that reward farmers in return for implementing a desired action or delivering a desired outcome and can be sourced from public or private entity or even a mix of both. Aiming to promote a behavioural change, using positive incentives, and their voluntary character define rewarding systems. Among other things, these motivating systems can take the following format: regulatory responsibilities (that are rewarded), voluntary public money, R&D, voluntary carbon markets and price premiums/labelling.
Furthermore, on EU agricultural land, there is a wide spectrum of climate action on plot, field, and landscape level which are captured to different degrees in the several present or proposed rewarding systems. One can classify them as follows:
- emission reduction which is mainly methane (CH4) from enteric fermentation and N2O emissions from managed agricultural soils, which together represent over 80% of agricultural emission in the EU.
- the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere by converting between land cover types and managing the agricultural soils to increase carbon sequestration and
- the response to climate change by increasing the adaptive capacity of the agricultural sector.
Moreover, two basic types define rewarding sources: public and private ones. While most of the current systems rely on monetary financing, both might entail both financial and non-financial benefits. With public rewarding we refer to financing or help from the international community, EU, State or regional level e.g. Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), R&D initiatives, etc. Any kind of funding from the private sector—companies, private groups, and consumers—through carbon markets or price premiums and labelling qualifies as private rewarding. Public/private funding sources include market-based strategies whereby the Government plays a major role either supplying or distributing the funds also exist.
There are several ways to reward land users and farmers for their environmental activity. They can be generally divided between the delivery of result-based or action-based results. Action-based rewarding gives the farmer in line with generally quite particular agricultural methods satisfying results. Independent of the outcome of those designated management activities, farmer or landowner gets a compensation or incentive for carrying out such activities. Result-based rewarding is linked to a confirmed outcome and calls for a direct, explicit relationship between the result delivered—e.g., emission decreased or avoided, carbon sequestered—and the incentive the farmer gets.
Lastly, there are several design choices about the timing of the rewarding, that is, when and how often the rewarding is occurring. Ex-ante rewarding is the (typically financial) prelude to climate action. While the real result of climate change might take years, long-term initiatives requiring significant upfront expenditures may find relevance for this payment mechanism. Expost rewarding is done following the farmer’s generated climate action. Over the course of the project, the rewarding might be one-off or continuous, multi-year. Also, combinations of the timing of rewarding are feasible.